WEBVTT
00:00:00.160 --> 00:00:01.040
Imagine this.
00:00:01.360 --> 00:00:02.959
You're a school counselor.
00:00:04.320 --> 00:00:06.480
That's hard to imagine, isn't it?
00:00:06.639 --> 00:00:10.320
Uh, you're a school counselor and you've just received an email.
00:00:10.560 --> 00:00:13.279
It came from a teacher about a student.
00:00:13.439 --> 00:00:15.119
We'll call him George.
00:00:15.359 --> 00:00:21.600
And George used to be a star pupil, but lately he's missing more and more days of school.
00:00:21.839 --> 00:00:29.120
His parents are saying that he's just not feeling well randomly, but you know something else is going on.
00:00:29.760 --> 00:00:35.840
This scenario might feel really familiar because it's happening everywhere.
00:00:36.079 --> 00:00:42.719
Nearly one in three students is now missing 10% or more of the school year.
00:00:42.960 --> 00:00:48.399
But the question that we've been trying to answer in schools isn't the right one.
00:00:48.799 --> 00:00:52.399
We've been asking, how do we make them come to school?
00:00:52.719 --> 00:00:57.280
When really what we should be asking is, why don't they want to?
00:00:58.000 --> 00:01:06.000
The truth is, when you look deeper, you realize that school refusal often isn't about laziness or defiance.
00:01:06.159 --> 00:01:11.760
It's a signal or an alarm that something underneath the surface isn't working.
00:01:12.000 --> 00:01:15.439
And it's up to us to figure out what that is.
00:01:15.680 --> 00:01:16.879
Stick with me.
00:01:17.200 --> 00:01:19.439
Hey school counselor, welcome back.
00:01:19.599 --> 00:01:24.879
Today we're tackling one of the biggest challenges you're probably facing on your campus.
00:01:25.120 --> 00:01:27.280
Kids who won't come to school.
00:01:27.519 --> 00:01:33.280
But instead of more attendance letters and consequence charts, we're gonna look a little deeper.
00:01:33.439 --> 00:01:42.879
So if you're ready for some straight talk, my friend, some clarity on your work and maybe a bit of rebellion, you've got to be in the right place.
00:01:43.120 --> 00:01:48.400
I'm Steph Johnson, and this is the School for School Counselors podcast.
00:01:48.959 --> 00:01:55.280
You've probably been on one of these calls with a parent when they say something like, He just won't get out of bed.
00:01:55.439 --> 00:01:57.040
There's nothing I can do.
00:01:57.359 --> 00:02:05.040
Or a teacher is messaging you saying they're out again and no one has called or messaged me to tell me why.
00:02:05.359 --> 00:02:07.359
You already know what's what.
00:02:07.599 --> 00:02:10.800
It's another case of school refusal.
00:02:11.120 --> 00:02:22.000
And while the pandemic may have exposed some of the cracks in students' motivation to attend school, what we're seeing right now is so much bigger.
00:02:22.479 --> 00:02:34.800
We are watching an entire generation of students wrestle with anxiety, loss of structure, and shifting perceptions of not only safety, but of industry.
00:02:35.280 --> 00:02:51.439
According to Maynard and Team 2023, chronic absenteeism has doubled since 2019, with nearly one-third of students missing 10% or more of the year.
00:02:51.919 --> 00:03:07.280
But research also shows that school refusal is actually most often a behavioral manifestation of anxiety, fear, or safety perceptions and isn't oppositional at all.
00:03:08.080 --> 00:03:12.719
So instead of asking, how do we make kids attend school?
00:03:13.120 --> 00:03:16.879
We should be asking, why don't they feel like they can?
00:03:17.919 --> 00:03:22.000
And here's where so many schools are getting it wrong.
00:03:22.319 --> 00:03:29.199
We have historically treated attendance like a compliance issue when it's actually a safety signal.
00:03:29.439 --> 00:03:36.000
When students stop showing up, they're not being defiant per se, they're communicating danger.
00:03:36.319 --> 00:03:43.199
And our job as school counselors isn't to enforce attendance, it's to decode it.
00:03:43.599 --> 00:03:48.400
And if we're going to decode it, we need a good framework.
00:03:48.719 --> 00:03:58.400
Lucky for us, Kearney and Silverman 1999 actually identified four main drivers behind school avoidance.
00:03:58.719 --> 00:04:06.479
And that model has been confirmed over and over again in decades of research since it was published.
00:04:06.800 --> 00:04:25.439
The four main drivers of school avoidance are avoiding uncomfortable emotions like anxiety, dread, or shame, escaping evaluation or social judgment, seeking connection or attention, and accessing rewards outside of school.
00:04:25.839 --> 00:04:30.800
Most cases of chronic absenteeism are a blend.
00:04:31.199 --> 00:04:36.480
But even in the blends, there's usually one factor that's driving the bus.
00:04:36.879 --> 00:04:42.319
And once you know which one you're dealing with, the plan changes entirely.
00:04:42.720 --> 00:04:50.079
Now, what I'm about to share next isn't theory, it's actually what's working in schools right now.
00:04:50.560 --> 00:05:05.439
These are real strategies pulled from not only the research, but from the case consultations inside our School for School Counselors mastermind, where school counselors test ideas and share what's actually holding up in the real world.
00:05:05.759 --> 00:05:16.720
So as you listen, think about which part of this hits closest to home for you, because that's where you're going to be able to jump in with a solution tomorrow.
00:05:17.199 --> 00:05:25.519
Let's start with the most common roadblock first: students avoiding feelings like anxiety, dread, or shame.
00:05:25.920 --> 00:05:37.680
Now we're often told that we need to be extra gentle with these students, that we should remove triggers, maybe think about shortening the day or lightening the workload somehow.
00:05:38.000 --> 00:05:43.920
But every time we do, we accidentally reinforce the fear.
00:05:44.480 --> 00:05:47.519
Avoidance feeds anxiety.
00:05:47.759 --> 00:05:52.079
And our job isn't to protect kids from being uncomfortable.
00:05:52.319 --> 00:05:55.360
Our job is to help master those feelings.
00:05:56.399 --> 00:05:58.079
So what do we do?
00:05:58.399 --> 00:06:00.160
We build bravery.
00:06:00.560 --> 00:06:02.879
And we can do it in several ways.
00:06:03.680 --> 00:06:10.000
We can use cognitive behavioral microtechniques, like name and reframe.
00:06:10.319 --> 00:06:13.360
What's the thought that's keeping you from coming to school?
00:06:13.600 --> 00:06:16.800
And what's a more true thought that we could try?
00:06:17.519 --> 00:06:28.000
We could give students a worry window, two minutes of air time for all the anxieties, then we shift the focus on how to be successful at school.
00:06:28.319 --> 00:06:36.240
Those are going to help students build bravery and a sense of competence instead of running away.
00:06:36.879 --> 00:06:40.879
We could also use questions from solution focused brief therapy.
00:06:41.040 --> 00:06:46.160
And if you're a podcast listener from way back, you'll remember episode 63.
00:06:46.480 --> 00:06:51.439
It was called What School Counselors May Not Realize About Solution Focused Counseling.
00:06:51.600 --> 00:06:57.360
It was a really good primer on how to get started in solution-focused techniques.
00:06:57.759 --> 00:07:04.000
But in this approach, we would ask kids things like tell me about a day when you did want to come to school.
00:07:04.240 --> 00:07:05.759
What was different?
00:07:06.079 --> 00:07:10.560
Or you're a three out of 10 for wanting to be at school today?
00:07:10.720 --> 00:07:13.120
How can we bump it up to a four?
00:07:13.759 --> 00:07:23.120
Now, to be clear, solution-focused counseling isn't as simple as just asking these isolated questions, but they will get you started off on the right foot.
00:07:23.360 --> 00:07:26.800
Collaborative problem solving developed by Ross Green.
00:07:26.959 --> 00:07:32.000
You may recognize his name from things like Lost at School or The Explosive Child.
00:07:32.240 --> 00:07:35.519
And I talked about his approach in episode 88.
00:07:35.680 --> 00:07:41.439
It was called Empathy and Action Using Collaborative Problem Solving in School Counseling.
00:07:41.759 --> 00:07:48.720
We would say something like, I'm noticing mornings are really hard for you, but the school still needs you here.
00:07:49.040 --> 00:07:52.319
Let's find something that works for both of us.
00:07:53.279 --> 00:07:57.199
In any of these approaches, we're not teaching comfort.
00:07:57.439 --> 00:07:59.600
We're teaching courage.
00:07:59.839 --> 00:08:05.360
We're teaching kids that they can overcome those barriers and that they are capable.
00:08:05.600 --> 00:08:11.279
And at the end of the day, that's going to go a whole lot further than minimizing expectations.
00:08:12.079 --> 00:08:16.639
Now, our second group of students are the students who aren't afraid of school.
00:08:16.800 --> 00:08:19.519
They're just afraid of being seen in it.
00:08:19.920 --> 00:08:21.680
They fear failure.
00:08:21.920 --> 00:08:24.240
They fear peer scrutiny.
00:08:24.399 --> 00:08:28.000
They don't want to be seen as anything less than, right?
00:08:28.240 --> 00:08:40.080
So when we pull them from oral presentations or we give them some similar accommodation, it might feel like we're being kind, but really what we're doing is keeping them trapped.
00:08:40.320 --> 00:08:43.120
They don't need a rescue operation.
00:08:43.279 --> 00:08:45.679
They need proof that they can succeed.
00:08:46.000 --> 00:08:49.519
So let's engineer some early wins for these folks.
00:08:49.919 --> 00:08:54.320
Let's pre-practice presentations or group work in our offices.
00:08:54.639 --> 00:09:01.200
Let's practice peer interactions so they know how to handle whatever it is they're worried about coming around.
00:09:01.440 --> 00:09:10.960
Let's work to normalize imperfection, that it's not always about winning the race or doing things perfectly or having a certain persona around campus.
00:09:11.759 --> 00:09:22.559
Gonzalez and Team 2018 found that interventions targeting perceived competence directly improved not only attendance, but self-efficacy.
00:09:22.960 --> 00:09:27.120
Confidence is the antidote to avoidance.
00:09:27.600 --> 00:09:39.279
Now, in our third group of students, and we usually see this in the younger set, students are refusing school not to rebel, but to try to stay safe.
00:09:39.679 --> 00:09:43.120
They're anxious, they're craving connection.
00:09:43.360 --> 00:09:50.320
And while we like to defer to parents and assume that they know best, that's not always true.
00:09:50.720 --> 00:09:59.279
Because when a parent's anxiety is driving these decisions, it's often serving to deepen the child's fear.
00:10:00.320 --> 00:10:04.480
So we've got to shift security to the school.
00:10:05.039 --> 00:10:10.480
We need to provide warm personal greetings, even if these students are late.
00:10:10.720 --> 00:10:19.440
We need to welcome them by name, and we need to remind them how excited we are that they got there, regardless of how late they show up.
00:10:19.919 --> 00:10:23.440
We can give them some meaningful roles on campus.
00:10:23.679 --> 00:10:26.559
Perhaps they're a greeter, a helper.
00:10:26.960 --> 00:10:29.919
Maybe they're the fish feeding captain.
00:10:30.159 --> 00:10:33.919
Maybe they serve as a peer mentor to someone else on campus.
00:10:34.399 --> 00:10:40.799
And then we need to coach parents to hold a calm and consistent line at home.
00:10:41.200 --> 00:10:49.440
We need to teach them to be almost boring in their responses to their child's cries of not wanting to go to school.
00:10:49.840 --> 00:10:52.720
I'm sorry you don't want to go, but you're safe there.
00:10:52.879 --> 00:10:54.240
I'll see you after school.
00:10:54.399 --> 00:10:55.679
And that's it.
00:10:56.240 --> 00:11:07.840
Now that sounds easy on the surface, but I can tell you there have been so many parents who have experienced extreme difficulty with holding that line, right?
00:11:08.080 --> 00:11:13.759
Because they had other issues at play too that were preventing them from being so matter-of-fact.
00:11:14.159 --> 00:11:15.840
So we've got to coach them.
00:11:16.080 --> 00:11:20.799
And sometimes we have to encourage them more than we have to encourage their children.
00:11:21.120 --> 00:11:24.480
We can also help set some boundaries.
00:11:24.799 --> 00:11:27.759
We can create attendance contracts with parents.
00:11:28.080 --> 00:11:33.840
We can define criteria for staying home: fevers, vomiting, things like that.
00:11:34.080 --> 00:11:36.240
Other than that, you need to be at school.
00:11:36.480 --> 00:11:41.200
And we can provide immediate check-ins when students are absent.
00:11:41.519 --> 00:11:50.320
Research shows that that immediate person-to-person contact goes a long way in mitigating attendance concerns.
00:11:51.840 --> 00:11:56.240
Your power as a school counselor here is coordination.
00:11:56.639 --> 00:12:04.159
You can keep the tone compassionate but firm and encourage the parents toward the best outcome.
00:12:05.360 --> 00:12:12.399
And then our fourth group of students are the ones who find home more rewarding than school.
00:12:13.039 --> 00:12:16.799
We tell ourselves that these kids just need more motivation, right?
00:12:16.879 --> 00:12:18.799
But that is not the issue.
00:12:19.360 --> 00:12:27.840
When staying home feels better to a child, the environment itself is reinforcing the avoidance.
00:12:28.399 --> 00:12:31.120
That makes things precarious for us.
00:12:31.840 --> 00:12:35.919
We have to work with parents to keep students' days neutral.
00:12:36.159 --> 00:12:40.399
No gaming, no tablets, no fun, no extra freedom.
00:12:40.639 --> 00:12:43.759
That in itself is a huge battle, right?
00:12:44.000 --> 00:12:46.159
If you've been in it, you know what I mean.
00:12:46.320 --> 00:12:53.679
But we have to consistently communicate this with parents, even when it feels like we're shouting into the void.
00:12:54.960 --> 00:13:03.519
We also need to make attendance matter to students at school, where they get choices within their school day.
00:13:03.679 --> 00:13:12.080
They see the relevance of what they're learning or the relevance of the content to their goals, and they receive recognition for being there.
00:13:12.639 --> 00:13:20.159
For older students, we can use things like motivational interviewing, where we talk about what do you want five years from now?
00:13:20.399 --> 00:13:23.120
And how could showing up to school help you get there?
00:13:23.279 --> 00:13:30.960
And then we could go from there into what's one small step that you could try this week to get you going in the right direction.
00:13:32.559 --> 00:13:38.639
With younger students, we have to have a keen eye towards structure with fun.
00:13:39.200 --> 00:13:52.320
So predictable routines with small rewards, social skills groups with daily adult connection, visual schedules with privileges around campus.
00:13:52.559 --> 00:14:01.919
The goal is not punishing the kid for not having been at school consistently, it's to make school the place where their life feels like it gets bigger.
00:14:02.159 --> 00:14:07.279
And when they feel like their life is getting bigger, they're going to want to be there.
00:14:08.879 --> 00:14:16.799
Now, having it, I'm going to be real with you and I'm going to pause for a minute because I think I know what you might be thinking right now.
00:14:17.039 --> 00:14:23.360
You're thinking, okay, Steph, that all makes sense for kids who are anxious or families that are struggling.
00:14:23.679 --> 00:14:27.919
But what about the ones who just don't stinkin' care?
00:14:28.320 --> 00:14:34.960
Those are the students whose parents just say, I don't know what you want me to do about it when you call their house.
00:14:35.200 --> 00:14:37.440
Or we can't make him go.
00:14:37.679 --> 00:14:41.759
Or the students that just shrug when you say, Why weren't you here yesterday?
00:14:41.919 --> 00:14:42.960
We missed you.
00:14:43.919 --> 00:14:48.879
These are the students and families who've decided that school just isn't worth it.
00:14:49.200 --> 00:14:56.240
And it's very tempting to believe that these students or families just don't value education.
00:14:56.480 --> 00:15:03.840
But we need to reframe this a little bit because apathy is rarely about values.
00:15:04.639 --> 00:15:07.519
Apathy is usually about power.
00:15:08.480 --> 00:15:16.559
When students or parents say, I don't care, what they often mean is, I don't feel like it matters.
00:15:17.039 --> 00:15:27.039
They've tried, they failed, or they've been dismissed so many times that disengagement becomes a form of self-protection.
00:15:28.159 --> 00:15:33.679
So what do we do when students or parents have completely disengaged?
00:15:34.320 --> 00:15:39.279
We have to rebuild agency, not obedience.
00:15:39.600 --> 00:15:47.120
We reconnect before we redirect, starting with curiosity instead of demands.
00:15:47.759 --> 00:15:50.559
What's your morning like before school?
00:15:50.960 --> 00:15:54.799
When was the last time you actually enjoyed coming to school?
00:15:55.039 --> 00:15:58.879
How can you tie their attendance to the things they care about?
00:15:59.200 --> 00:16:10.480
Their friends, their jobs, their sports, their independence, so that they understand that every day they attend is building the skills that are gonna get them where they want to go.
00:16:11.759 --> 00:16:16.320
We gotta give them a sense of power with small choices.
00:16:17.039 --> 00:16:21.360
Do you want to come in my office for five minutes or do you want to head straight to class?
00:16:21.679 --> 00:16:25.759
Do you want to go to lunch in the lunchroom or do you want to come eat in a quiet place?
00:16:26.240 --> 00:16:36.960
And then we stay calm, predictable, steady, even when they test our patients, even when we feel like we do not understand where they are coming from.
00:16:37.759 --> 00:16:40.399
And we have to be prepared to work the long game.
00:16:40.639 --> 00:16:45.279
When families appear disengaged, we got to look for what's underneath.
00:16:45.519 --> 00:16:46.799
Is it transportation?
00:16:46.960 --> 00:16:48.559
Is it unstable housing?
00:16:48.720 --> 00:16:50.240
Is it mental health concerns?
00:16:50.399 --> 00:16:52.159
Is it work conflicts?
00:16:52.720 --> 00:16:57.679
Apathy is often the armor that is hiding exhaustion.
00:16:58.159 --> 00:17:02.240
So if it looks like they don't care, don't just immediately write them off.
00:17:02.480 --> 00:17:11.680
Start smaller with curiosity, relevance, power, respect, and then hold steady in the long game.
00:17:12.160 --> 00:17:17.119
Care enough for both of you until the student can meet you halfway.
00:17:17.440 --> 00:17:21.200
Saying I don't care is not a wall.
00:17:21.440 --> 00:17:23.279
Y'all, that's a wound.
00:17:23.839 --> 00:17:30.160
And we are in the business of healing, we should not be in the business of judging.
00:17:31.119 --> 00:17:39.440
And just to add an extra layer onto this, sometimes we have something called parental accommodation at play.
00:17:40.000 --> 00:17:46.720
And when you're feeling just a hint of, I don't want to go to school, and your parent immediately rushes in and says, Oh, well, that's okay.
00:17:46.799 --> 00:17:47.920
You don't have to.
00:17:49.359 --> 00:17:51.759
That's parental accommodation.
00:17:52.000 --> 00:17:54.160
That strengthens avoidance.
00:17:54.559 --> 00:17:59.200
The research says that parental accommodation worsens anxiety.
00:17:59.440 --> 00:18:05.279
And that reducing that accommodation improves both anxiety and attendance.
00:18:05.599 --> 00:18:09.759
So we may have to coach the parents as we're going through this process.
00:18:10.240 --> 00:18:14.240
We may have to tell them things like, hey, I know mornings are tough at your house.
00:18:14.480 --> 00:18:19.680
But the fastest way out of this fight is making sure they come to school regularly.
00:18:20.319 --> 00:18:30.960
Validate the parents' emotions, their potential anxieties, but redirect their action and rehearse those conversations with the parent.
00:18:31.200 --> 00:18:34.720
Just like you would rehearse it with the students, rehearse it with the parent.
00:18:34.880 --> 00:18:38.240
You don't need to be fighting them to get their students in school.
00:18:38.400 --> 00:18:42.319
You need to teach them to fight their own fear effectively.
00:18:42.640 --> 00:18:48.240
Now, is that an official stance of the school counselor's role on campus?
00:18:48.480 --> 00:18:53.039
Not exactly, but we're playing the real world game here, right?
00:18:53.279 --> 00:18:57.920
Not the mandated list of appropriate and inappropriate responsibilities.
00:18:58.160 --> 00:19:01.200
What's important to me is best outcomes for students.
00:19:01.359 --> 00:19:09.359
If that means I spend four or five phone calls with a parent coaching them through what happens next, I guess that's what that means.
00:19:09.680 --> 00:19:12.720
All right, so then let's zoom out a little bit.
00:19:13.039 --> 00:19:16.640
You should not have to be the attendance police, right?
00:19:17.039 --> 00:19:19.759
But you are the pattern interpreter.
00:19:20.160 --> 00:19:24.720
You're the connector between all of these people and all of their feelings.
00:19:25.039 --> 00:19:31.039
And you may not be able to fix every case, but you will change trajectories.
00:19:31.279 --> 00:19:38.000
And you can do that one plan, one parent, and one brave student at a time.
00:19:38.559 --> 00:19:45.039
Now, if this episode has you motivated and you're thinking, man, I could use a system for this, you're right.
00:19:46.640 --> 00:19:51.440
And that's what we build inside the School for School Counselors Mastermind.
00:19:51.680 --> 00:19:57.920
Every week we take challenges just like this one and we collaborate on them to determine best outcomes.
00:19:58.000 --> 00:20:10.240
And we also often create concrete playbooks that you can use for step-by-step implementation of what the research and real life actually say works.
00:20:10.480 --> 00:20:19.920
You'll get coaching, community, and the accountability that makes your professional growth sustainable without making you feel overwhelmed.
00:20:24.079 --> 00:20:32.640
Now, if you've been considering joining us, I'm going to give you a little bonus as a podcast listener because I know this time of year is so tough.
00:20:32.799 --> 00:20:35.359
And I want you to feel supported.
00:20:35.599 --> 00:20:45.680
So when you go to sign up for the Mastermind at schoolforschoolcounselors.com slash mastermind, enter the code October25.
00:20:46.160 --> 00:20:46.640
All right.
00:20:46.880 --> 00:20:50.559
All one word, all caps, October 25.
00:20:50.960 --> 00:20:57.119
And I'm going to have a special surprise for you to let you know that you've made the right decision.
00:20:57.359 --> 00:21:00.960
And I would love to work with you personally in a Zoom room.
00:21:01.039 --> 00:21:02.799
That would be a dream come true for me.
00:21:02.880 --> 00:21:04.160
And I hope you feel the same way.
00:21:04.319 --> 00:21:08.400
So head over to schoolforschoolcounselors.com slash mastermind.
00:21:08.640 --> 00:21:12.960
Enter October 25 and see what I've got waiting for you.
00:21:13.519 --> 00:21:19.119
Hey, thanks for being here and for showing up for your students, even when they won't show up for themselves.
00:21:20.720 --> 00:21:22.559
Thank you for what you do.
00:21:22.799 --> 00:21:26.960
Thank you for continuing to show up each and every day for your students.
00:21:27.200 --> 00:21:30.160
And thank you for fighting for their futures.
00:21:30.640 --> 00:21:34.880
I'll be back soon with another episode of the School for School Counselors podcast.
00:21:35.039 --> 00:21:37.359
Until then, take care.
00:21:38.880 --> 00:21:41.680
Hey, before you go, I want to tell you something.
00:21:42.000 --> 00:21:51.279
Every week when I sit down to record this podcast, it's usually very late on a Sunday night, right before the episode goes out on Monday morning.
00:21:51.440 --> 00:21:53.039
The house is quiet.
00:21:53.279 --> 00:22:02.799
I'm recording in my closet, actually, and I'm thinking about the school counselor out there who's exhausted but still trying to do the right thing.
00:22:03.039 --> 00:22:10.079
When you leave a review or you hit follow on this podcast, it tells me that my late nights matter.
00:22:10.400 --> 00:22:13.759
It tells me that this work is reaching you.
00:22:14.079 --> 00:22:23.839
So if this episode helped you see your students or yourself a little differently, would you please take a second to tap follow or leave a quick review?
00:22:24.079 --> 00:22:26.799
That helps more school counselors find the show.
00:22:26.960 --> 00:22:39.839
And it keeps me here at this microphone fighting for the kind of school counseling that actually makes a difference and doing what I can to make your job feel a little less impossible.
00:22:40.160 --> 00:22:45.279
Have a great week and thanks in advance for your follow and your review.
00:22:45.440 --> 00:22:46.400
You're the best.